Your Lead to Cash Data Template

Salesforce Sales Cloud
Your Lead to Cash Data Template

Your Lead to Cash Data Template

This template provides a clear roadmap for collecting the essential data needed to analyze your Lead to Cash process. It outlines the key attributes to gather, the critical activities to track, and provides practical guidance for extracting this information from your system. With this template, you can prepare your data efficiently for powerful process mining insights.
  • Recommended attributes to collect
  • Key activities to track
  • Extraction guidance for Salesforce Sales Cloud
New to event logs? Learn how to create a process mining event log.

Lead to Cash Attributes

These data fields are essential for creating a comprehensive event log, enabling a detailed analysis of your Lead to Cash process.
3 Required 5 Recommended 11 Optional
Name Description
Activity
ActivityName
The name of the business event or activity that occurred at a specific point in the sales process.
Description

The Activity Name describes a specific step or milestone in the Lead to Cash journey, such as 'Opportunity Created', 'Quote Sent', or 'Contract Signed'. These are derived from changes to key fields or the creation of related records within Salesforce.

Analyzing the sequence of these activities allows us to visualize the process flow, identify common paths, and detect deviations from the standard sales process. This is fundamental for building process maps and calculating KPIs like cycle times between different steps.

Why it matters

It defines the steps in the process map, allowing for the visualization and analysis of the sales journey from lead to cash.

Where to get

Typically derived from a combination of data sources, including the Opportunity History object (for field changes like Stage), related object creation dates (e.g., Quote, Contract), and specific Task or Event records.

Examples
Opportunity CreatedQuote Presented to CustomerOpportunity Closed WonInvoice Generated
Sales Opportunity
SalesOpportunity
The unique identifier for each sales opportunity, serving as the primary case identifier for the Lead to Cash process.
Description

The Sales Opportunity is the central object that tracks a potential deal from qualification to closure. Each opportunity has a unique ID that links all related activities, communications, quotes, and contracts.

In process mining, this ID is essential for reconstructing the end-to-end journey of every deal. By using the Sales Opportunity as the Case ID, we can analyze the complete lifecycle, measure durations between stages, identify process variations, and understand the factors that lead to successful or lost deals.

Why it matters

This is the fundamental identifier that connects all process steps, enabling a complete and accurate analysis of the sales cycle for each deal.

Where to get

This is the standard 'Id' field on the Opportunity object in Salesforce Sales Cloud (e.g., Opportunity.Id).

Examples
0068c00001KvM7RAAV0068c00001LpA9BAAV0068c00001NqB3CAAV
Start Time
EventTimestamp
The precise date and time when the activity occurred.
Description

The Event Timestamp records the exact moment an activity took place. This timestamp is crucial for ordering events chronologically and for all time-based process analysis.

This attribute is the foundation for calculating all performance metrics, such as cycle times, durations, and waiting times. For example, the difference between the timestamps of 'Invoice Generated' and 'Payment Received' provides the data for the 'Average Days to Payment' KPI. Accurate timestamps are critical for identifying bottlenecks and measuring process efficiency.

Why it matters

This attribute provides the chronological order of events and is essential for all duration and performance calculations.

Where to get

Extracted from various date fields in Salesforce, such as 'CreatedDate' on the Opportunity object, 'LastModifiedDate' from Opportunity History, or specific date fields on related objects like Quote and Contract.

Examples
2023-04-15T10:30:00Z2023-05-20T14:00:00Z2023-06-01T09:15:00Z
Discount Percentage
DiscountPercentage
The discount percentage applied to the opportunity.
Description

This attribute records the discount offered on a deal, usually as a percentage of the total price. It is a critical factor in understanding deal profitability and sales behavior.

This metric is the cornerstone of the 'Opportunity Discount Effectiveness' dashboard and the 'Average Discount on Won Deals' KPI. By analyzing this attribute, sales leaders can determine if discounts are driving wins or simply eroding margins, and they can compare discounting behavior across regions or sales reps.

Why it matters

This is crucial for analyzing profitability, understanding pricing strategy effectiveness, and identifying excessive discounting.

Where to get

This is typically a custom currency or percent field on the Opportunity or Quote object. Consult Salesforce Sales Cloud documentation or administrator.

Examples
0.050.100.15
Is Won
IsWon
A boolean flag that indicates whether the opportunity was won or lost.
Description

This attribute is a simple true or false indicator of the final outcome of a sales opportunity. It is set to true if the opportunity's stage is 'Closed Won' and false if it is 'Closed Lost'.

'Is Won' is the basis for calculating the 'Opportunity Win Rate' KPI, one of the most critical measures of sales effectiveness. It is also used to segment analysis, for example, to compare the process paths of won deals versus lost deals or to calculate the 'Average Discount on Won Deals'.

Why it matters

This directly measures the outcome of a sales opportunity, enabling win/loss analysis and the calculation of win rates.

Where to get

This is the standard 'IsWon' field on the Opportunity object. It is a formula field based on the StageName.

Examples
truefalse
Opportunity Amount
Amount
The estimated total sale amount for the opportunity.
Description

This attribute captures the monetary value of a potential deal. It is one of the most important metrics for financial and performance analysis.

The Opportunity Amount is used in nearly all financial views, including calculating the total pipeline value, average deal size, and correlating value with other factors like discounts or cycle times. It is a key component of the 'Sales Representative Performance' and 'Opportunity Discount Effectiveness' dashboards.

Why it matters

It provides the financial value of each deal, essential for pipeline reporting, revenue forecasting, and performance analysis.

Where to get

This is the standard 'Amount' field on the Opportunity object.

Examples
50000125000.75250000
Opportunity Owner
OpportunityOwner
The sales representative assigned to and responsible for the sales opportunity.
Description

The Opportunity Owner is the user in Salesforce who is primarily responsible for managing the deal. This is a critical dimension for performance analysis.

By analyzing data based on the Opportunity Owner, organizations can build the 'Sales Representative Performance' dashboard. This allows for comparing cycle times, win rates, and average deal sizes across different team members, identifying top performers and coaching opportunities.

Why it matters

This attribute is essential for analyzing sales team performance, comparing individual results, and identifying coaching needs.

Where to get

This is the 'OwnerId' field on the Opportunity object, which links to the User object.

Examples
John SmithMaria GarciaDavid Chen
Sales Stage
StageName
The current stage of the opportunity in the sales pipeline, such as 'Qualification' or 'Negotiation'.
Description

The Sales Stage represents the progression of an opportunity through the predefined sales process. Changes in this field are key events in the process, such as 'Proposal Stage Reached'.

This attribute is fundamental for building the 'Sales Pipeline Bottleneck Identification' and 'Daily Sales Funnel Operational View' dashboards. It allows for analysis of how long opportunities spend in each stage, conversion rates between stages, and the overall health of the sales pipeline.

Why it matters

It tracks the opportunity's progress through the sales funnel, enabling bottleneck analysis and pipeline management.

Where to get

This is the standard 'StageName' field on the Opportunity object.

Examples
ProspectingQualificationNeeds AnalysisProposal/Price QuoteNegotiation/Review
Account Name
AccountName
The name of the customer account or company associated with the opportunity.
Description

The Account Name links the sales opportunity to a specific customer. This enables customer-centric analysis of the sales process.

Analyzing the process by customer allows organizations to understand sales cycles for strategic accounts, identify customers with frequent rework or long negotiation phases, and tailor engagement strategies. It provides a valuable dimension for filtering and drilling down into the process data.

Why it matters

Links the sales process to a specific customer, enabling customer-level analysis of sales cycle times and interaction patterns.

Where to get

This is derived from the 'AccountId' lookup field on the Opportunity object, which references the 'Name' field on the Account object.

Examples
Global Tech Inc.Innovate Solutions LLCQuantum Industries
Contract ID
ContractId
The unique identifier for the contract associated with the opportunity.
Description

The Contract ID links the opportunity to a formal contract record in Salesforce. This is a key step in the final stages of closing a deal.

This attribute enables detailed analysis of the contracting phase, supporting the 'Quote to Contract Cycle Time' and 'Contract Compliance and Adherence' dashboards. It allows for tracking activities like 'Contract Sent for Signature' and 'Contract Activated' and measuring their duration and adherence to SLAs.

Why it matters

It allows for precise tracking of the contract management sub-process, including cycle times and compliance.

Where to get

This ID comes from the 'Id' field of the Contract object, which is typically related to the Opportunity or Account.

Examples
8008c000001LxD9AAK8008c000001MyE4AAK8008c000001NzF0AAK
Cycle Time
CycleTime
The total duration of the end-to-end sales process for an opportunity.
Description

Cycle Time is a calculated metric that measures the total elapsed time from the first activity (e.g., 'Lead Converted to Opportunity') to the last activity (e.g., 'Opportunity Closed Won').

This is a primary KPI for overall process efficiency, directly supporting the 'Lead to Cash End-to-End Cycle Time' dashboard. Analyzing this metric helps identify long-running cases and can be broken down by dimensions like region or opportunity type to find areas for improvement.

Why it matters

This is a key performance indicator that measures the overall speed and efficiency of the sales process from start to finish.

Where to get

This metric is calculated in the process mining tool by subtracting the timestamp of the first event from the timestamp of the last event for each case.

Examples
30 days 10:05:0095 days 02:00:00120 days 23:55:10
Is Rework
IsRework
A calculated flag indicating if an activity represents rework or a repeated step.
Description

Is Rework is a boolean flag that is set to true when a process loops back to an earlier stage. For example, if a 'Quote Modified' activity occurs after a 'Quote Presented to Customer' activity, it is considered rework.

This attribute is crucial for quantifying process inefficiencies. It directly supports the calculation of the 'Order Processing Error Rate' and 'Quote Rework Frequency' KPIs. Highlighting rework helps pinpoint areas with unclear requirements, communication issues, or quality problems.

Why it matters

It quantifies process inefficiencies by identifying and flagging activities that are part of rework loops, helping to target improvement efforts.

Where to get

This flag is calculated by the process mining tool by analyzing the sequence of activities and detecting backward movements in the process flow.

Examples
truefalse
Last Data Update
LastDataUpdate
The timestamp indicating when the data was last refreshed from the source system.
Description

This attribute shows the date and time of the most recent data extraction from Salesforce Sales Cloud. It provides users with context on the freshness of the data they are analyzing.

Knowing when the data was last updated is essential for interpreting the analysis correctly, especially for operational dashboards like the 'Daily Sales Funnel Operational View'. It ensures that decisions are based on an understanding of the data's timeliness.

Why it matters

Informs users about the timeliness of the data, ensuring they know how current the process analysis is.

Where to get

This is a metadata attribute generated by the data pipeline or ETL tool at the time of data extraction.

Examples
2023-10-27T02:00:00Z2023-10-28T02:00:00Z
Lead Source
LeadSource
The source from which the lead originated, such as 'Web', 'Partner', or 'Trade Show'.
Description

Lead Source tracks the marketing channel or sales activity that generated the initial lead. This information is vital for understanding the effectiveness of different customer acquisition strategies.

This attribute is the primary dimension for the 'Lead Conversion Performance Analysis' dashboard. By analyzing conversion rates and deal values by lead source, companies can optimize their marketing spend and focus on the most profitable channels.

Why it matters

It helps determine the effectiveness of marketing channels by linking leads to their origins and subsequent success rates.

Where to get

This is the standard 'LeadSource' field on the Lead object, which is typically transferred to the Opportunity object upon conversion.

Examples
WebPhone InquiryPartner ReferralPurchased List
Opportunity Type
Type
Categorizes the opportunity, for example, as 'New Business' or 'Existing Customer'.
Description

Opportunity Type is a standard classification field used to segment deals. This helps in understanding the different sales processes or cycles for acquiring new customers versus upselling to existing ones.

In process mining, this attribute allows for comparative analysis. For instance, an organization can filter the process map to see if the sales cycle for 'New Business' is longer or has more steps than for 'Existing Customer' renewals. This informs strategic decisions and process optimization efforts.

Why it matters

Segmenting opportunities by type allows for comparing different sales processes, cycle times, and success rates for new versus existing business.

Where to get

This is the standard 'Type' field on the Opportunity object.

Examples
New BusinessExisting Customer - UpgradeExisting Customer - RenewalAdd-on Business
Order ID
OrderId
The unique identifier for the sales order created from a won opportunity.
Description

The Order ID links a sales opportunity to the subsequent fulfillment process. This is the handoff point from sales to operations.

This ID is critical for extending the process analysis beyond the 'Opportunity Closed Won' stage into order management. It allows for tracking the 'Order Created' and 'Order Fulfilled' activities and is necessary for monitoring the 'Order Fulfillment Error Rate'.

Why it matters

It connects the sales part of the process to the order fulfillment part, enabling a true end-to-end Lead to Cash analysis.

Where to get

This ID comes from the 'Id' field of the Order object, which is often related to the Opportunity.

Examples
8018c000001IyA6AAK8018c000001JyB1AAK8018c000001KzC6AAK
Quote ID
QuoteId
The unique identifier for a sales quote linked to the opportunity.
Description

The Quote ID identifies a specific price quote provided to the customer for an opportunity. An opportunity can have multiple quotes throughout its lifecycle.

Tracking Quote IDs is essential for analyzing the quoting part of the sales process. It helps in measuring the 'Quote to Contract Cycle Time', understanding how many quote revisions ('Quote Modified') occur, and supports the 'Quote Rework Frequency' KPI by distinguishing between different quote versions.

Why it matters

This attribute helps analyze the quoting cycle, including the number of revisions and the time from quote to acceptance.

Where to get

This ID comes from the 'Id' field of the Quote object, which is related to the Opportunity.

Examples
0Q08c000001OxP1AAK0Q08c000001PyQ2AAK0Q08c000001QzR3AAK
Region
Region
The geographical region or sales territory for the opportunity.
Description

The Region attribute segments opportunities based on geography, such as 'North America', 'EMEA', or 'APAC'. This is a common way for sales organizations to structure their teams and reporting.

This is the key dimension for the 'Regional Sales Performance Comparison' dashboard. It enables leadership to compare process performance across regions, identifying best practices in high-performing areas and areas needing improvement in others. Analysis can cover cycle times, win rates, and discount usage.

Why it matters

Enables comparison of sales processes and performance across different geographical territories to identify regional strengths and weaknesses.

Where to get

This is often a custom field on the Opportunity or Account object. Consult Salesforce Sales Cloud documentation or administrator.

Examples
North AmericaEMEAAPACLATAM
Source System
SourceSystem
Identifies the source system from which the data was extracted.
Description

This attribute specifies the system of record where the event data originated. For the Lead to Cash process, this will typically be 'Salesforce Sales Cloud'.

In environments with multiple integrated systems, this field is critical for data lineage, troubleshooting, and understanding which system is authoritative for different process steps. It ensures clarity and trust in the data foundation.

Why it matters

It provides context about the data's origin, which is crucial for data governance, validation, and in multi-system environments.

Where to get

This is typically a static value added during the data extraction and transformation process to label the dataset's origin.

Examples
Salesforce Sales CloudSFSC
Required Recommended Optional

Lead to Cash Activities

These are the key process steps and milestones to track, allowing for accurate process discovery and performance analysis.
8 Recommended 8 Optional
Activity Description
Contract Activated
This activity signifies that a contract has been fully executed and signed by all parties, becoming legally active. This is typically recorded as a status change on the Contract object to 'Activated'.
Why it matters

This is the final confirmation of a legal agreement with the customer, a crucial milestone for revenue recognition and compliance. Delays here can directly impact financial forecasting.

Where to get

Inferred from the Contract object's Status field changing to 'Activated'. The timestamp of this change is captured via field history tracking.

Capture

Identify the timestamp when the 'Status' on the Contract object is set to 'Activated'.

Event type inferred
Lead Converted to Opportunity
This activity marks the point where a qualified lead is converted into a sales opportunity, along with an associated account and contact. This is typically an explicit action taken by a sales representative in Salesforce.
Why it matters

This is the crucial handoff from marketing or lead development to the sales team. Analyzing the time and conversion rates from this point helps evaluate lead quality and the efficiency of the initial sales process.

Where to get

This event can be identified from the Lead object's IsConverted field being true and the ConvertedOpportunityId field being populated. The timestamp is the ConvertedDate.

Capture

Tracked when a user converts a Lead record, populating the ConvertedDate and ConvertedOpportunityId fields.

Event type explicit
Opportunity Closed Lost
Represents the unsuccessful closing of a sales deal, where the opportunity is lost to a competitor or the customer decides not to purchase. This is recorded when the Opportunity StageName is updated to 'Closed Lost'.
Why it matters

This is the primary failure outcome. Analyzing when and why deals are lost is crucial for improving sales strategy, training, and product positioning.

Where to get

Inferred from the Opportunity object's StageName field changing to 'Closed Lost'. The date is recorded in the CloseDate field and the timestamp in the field history.

Capture

Identify the timestamp when the Opportunity 'StageName' becomes 'Closed Lost' from OpportunityFieldHistory.

Event type inferred
Opportunity Closed Won
This represents the successful closing of a sales deal, where the opportunity is won. This is a manual or automated update of the Opportunity StageName field to 'Closed Won'.
Why it matters

This is a primary success outcome for the sales process. Analyzing trends and attributes of won deals is fundamental to understanding sales performance and strategy.

Where to get

Inferred from the Opportunity object's StageName field changing to 'Closed Won'. The date of this event is captured in the CloseDate field and the timestamp in field history.

Capture

Identify the timestamp when the Opportunity 'StageName' becomes 'Closed Won' from OpportunityFieldHistory.

Event type inferred
Opportunity Created
Represents the creation of a new sales opportunity record in Salesforce, signifying a potential revenue-generating deal. This event is logged explicitly with a creation timestamp when the record is first saved.
Why it matters

This activity is the official start of the sales cycle for a given opportunity. It serves as the starting point for measuring overall sales cycle time and pipeline velocity.

Where to get

Captured from the CreatedDate system field on the Opportunity object. This provides a precise timestamp for when the opportunity record was initiated.

Capture

Use the CreatedDate field from the Opportunity object.

Event type explicit
Payment Received
This activity confirms that the customer's payment has been received and applied to the invoice. It's typically inferred from an invoice status changing to 'Paid' or the creation of a Payment record.
Why it matters

This is the final activity in the Lead to Cash process, representing the realization of revenue. The duration from invoice to payment is a critical cash flow KPI.

Where to get

Inferred from the status of an Invoice object changing to 'Paid', or from the creation of a Payment object linked to the invoice. This data often comes from an external financial system.

Capture

Identify when the Invoice 'Status' becomes 'Paid' or when a related Payment record is created.

Event type inferred
Quote Accepted by Customer
This activity marks the customer's agreement to the terms and pricing of a quote. This is typically captured by a user updating the Quote's status to 'Accepted'.
Why it matters

This is a critical buying signal and a major milestone before contract generation. The time between presentation and acceptance is a key indicator of sales cycle friction.

Where to get

Inferred from a change in the Status field on the Quote object to 'Accepted'. The timestamp is derived from the history tracking of this field change.

Capture

Identify the timestamp when the Quote 'Status' field changes to 'Accepted'.

Event type inferred
Quote Created
This activity represents the generation of a formal price quote document for the customer. This is captured when a new Quote record is created and linked to the Opportunity.
Why it matters

The creation of a quote is a significant step towards closing a deal. Analyzing the number of quotes and the time to create them helps assess sales team efficiency and deal momentum.

Where to get

Captured from the CreatedDate system field on the Quote object. The Quote object has a lookup relationship to its parent Opportunity.

Capture

Use the CreatedDate from the Quote object associated with the Opportunity.

Event type explicit
Contract Sent for Signature
Indicates that a formal contract has been generated and sent to the customer for their signature. This is often inferred from a status change on the Contract object, for instance, to 'Sent' or 'Out for Signature'.
Why it matters

This activity initiates the final legal and administrative phase of closing a deal. Tracking this helps monitor the efficiency of the contract management process.

Where to get

Inferred from a status change on the Contract object, which is linked to the Opportunity. Requires field history tracking on the Contract's Status field.

Capture

Identify the timestamp when the Contract 'Status' field changes to a value like 'Sent for Signature'.

Event type inferred
Invoice Generated
Represents the creation of an invoice to bill the customer for the goods or services delivered. This may be captured by the creation of an Invoice record, either in Salesforce Billing or an integrated external system.
Why it matters

This activity starts the financial part of the Lead to Cash cycle. The speed and accuracy of invoicing directly impact cash flow.

Where to get

Requires Salesforce Billing or a similar package. Captured from the CreatedDate field on the Invoice object, which is related to the Order or Account.

Capture

Use the CreatedDate from the Invoice object, if available.

Event type explicit
Opportunity Stage Changed
This activity captures any change in the sales stage of an opportunity, such as moving from 'Qualification' to 'Needs Analysis'. These changes are logged in the system's field history, providing a trail of the opportunity's progression.
Why it matters

Tracking stage changes is essential for understanding sales pipeline velocity, identifying bottlenecks where deals stall, and analyzing process compliance.

Where to get

Inferred from the OpportunityFieldHistory object, which tracks changes to the StageName field on the Opportunity object. Each entry has a timestamp and the old and new values.

Capture

Extract change events for the 'StageName' field from the OpportunityFieldHistory table.

Event type inferred
Order Created
This activity marks the creation of a sales order, formally initiating the fulfillment process after a deal is won. This is captured when a new Order record is created and associated with the Opportunity or Account.
Why it matters

This is the official handoff from the sales process to the order fulfillment and operations team. The efficiency of this step is critical for timely delivery and customer satisfaction.

Where to get

Captured from the CreatedDate system field on the Order object. The Order is typically linked to the Account and/or the originating Opportunity.

Capture

Use the CreatedDate from the Order object related to the Opportunity's Account.

Event type explicit
Order Fulfilled
Indicates that the products or services on an order have been delivered to the customer. This event is usually inferred from a status change on the Order object to a terminal state like 'Fulfilled' or 'Completed'.
Why it matters

This milestone marks the completion of the delivery promise to the customer. The time from order creation to fulfillment is a key metric for operational efficiency and customer satisfaction.

Where to get

Inferred from the Order object's Status field changing to a completion value. Field history tracking is required to capture the event timestamp.

Capture

Identify the timestamp when the Order 'Status' changes to 'Fulfilled' or 'Completed'.

Event type inferred
Proposal Stage Reached
Marks the specific milestone when an opportunity moves into the 'Proposal/Price Quote' stage. This is inferred from the history of the Opportunity's 'StageName' field.
Why it matters

This is a key milestone indicating that a potential solution has been identified and is ready to be priced and presented. It's a critical point for analyzing the time taken for solutioning and quoting.

Where to get

Inferred from the OpportunityFieldHistory object, specifically by identifying the timestamp when the 'StageName' field was updated to 'Proposal/Price Quote' or a similar custom stage value.

Capture

Filter OpportunityFieldHistory for records where the 'Field' is 'StageName' and the 'NewValue' is the proposal stage.

Event type inferred
Quote Modified
Represents an update or revision to an existing quote, often after customer feedback or negotiation. This is captured by tracking modifications to key fields on the Quote record after its initial creation.
Why it matters

Frequent quote modifications can indicate inefficiencies, communication gaps, or extended negotiation cycles. Analyzing this rework loop is key to shortening the quote-to-contract phase.

Where to get

Inferred from the LastModifiedDate field on the Quote object or, more granularly, from history tracking on fields like TotalPrice or line items.

Capture

Compare LastModifiedDate with CreatedDate on the Quote object or use Quote field history tracking.

Event type inferred
Quote Presented to Customer
This event indicates that a quote has been sent or formally presented to the customer for review. This is typically inferred by a status change on the Quote record, for example, from 'Draft' to 'Presented' or 'In Review'.
Why it matters

This activity starts the clock on customer negotiation and approval cycles. Tracking this helps measure customer response times and identify delays in the quote acceptance phase.

Where to get

Inferred from changes to the Status field on the Quote object. The history of this field needs to be tracked to get the specific timestamp of the change.

Capture

Identify the timestamp when the Quote 'Status' field changes to 'Presented', 'Sent', or a similar value.

Event type inferred
Recommended Optional

Extraction Guides

How to get your data from Salesforce Sales Cloud