Your Service Request Management Data Template

Zendesk Support
Your Service Request Management Data Template

Your Service Request Management Data Template

This template provides a comprehensive guide for extracting the necessary data to analyze your Service Request Management process in Zendesk Support. It outlines the essential data attributes to collect, key activities to track, and practical guidance on how to extract this information directly from your system. Use this resource to build a robust event log for your process mining initiatives.
  • Recommended attributes for comprehensive analysis
  • Key service request activities to track
  • Extraction guidance for Zendesk Support data
New to event logs? Learn how to create a process mining event log.

Service Request Management Attributes

These are the recommended data fields to include in your event log for comprehensive service request management analysis within Zendesk Support.
5 Required 7 Recommended 10 Optional
Name Description
Activity
ActivityName
The name of the business activity or event that occurred for a service request.
Description

The Activity represents a distinct step or event in the service request lifecycle, such as 'Service Request Created', 'Request Assigned to Agent', or 'Service Request Resolved'. These activities are derived from changes recorded in the Zendesk ticket's audit log, which tracks modifications to fields like status, assignee, priority, and the addition of comments.

Analyzing activities is the core of process mining. It allows for the visualization of the process map, identification of bottlenecks between steps, and analysis of rework loops. By understanding the sequence and frequency of activities, organizations can identify inefficiencies and opportunities for process improvement.

Why it matters

This attribute defines the steps in the process, enabling the visualization of process maps and the analysis of process flow, variations, and conformance.

Where to get

This is conceptually derived from events logged in the Zendesk Ticket Audits API. For example, a change in the 'status' field from 'new' to 'open' can be mapped to an activity like 'Request Triaged'.

Examples
Service Request CreatedAgent ReassignedService Request Resolved
Service Request ID
ServiceRequestId
The unique identifier for each service request ticket within Zendesk.
Description

The Service Request ID, often called Ticket ID in Zendesk, serves as the primary key for each case. It links all related activities, comments, and status changes together, from the moment a request is created until it is closed. This allows for a complete, end-to-end trace of a single request's lifecycle.

In process mining analysis, this attribute is fundamental. It defines the case, enabling the reconstruction of process flows, the identification of variants, and the calculation of case-level metrics like cycle time. Every event in the dataset must be associated with a Service Request ID to understand its context within the overall process.

Why it matters

This is the essential case identifier that connects all events in a service request's journey, making it possible to analyze the end-to-end process.

Where to get

Zendesk Tickets API, field 'id'.

Examples
102451024610247
Start Time
EventTimestamp
The precise date and time when the activity occurred.
Description

Event Timestamp, or Start Time, records the exact moment an activity took place. For instance, it captures when an agent was assigned, when a public reply was sent, or when the ticket status was changed to 'Resolved'. This temporal data is sourced from the audit log of each Zendesk ticket.

This attribute is critical for any time-based analysis. It is used to order events chronologically, calculate the duration between activities, measure waiting times, and analyze the overall case cycle time. It is fundamental for identifying bottlenecks and evaluating performance against time-based targets like SLAs.

Why it matters

This timestamp orders events chronologically and is essential for all duration, performance, and bottleneck analysis.

Where to get

Zendesk Ticket Audits API, field 'created_at' for each audit event.

Examples
2023-10-26T10:00:00Z2023-10-26T10:15:30Z2023-10-27T14:20:10Z
Last Data Update
LastDataUpdate
The timestamp indicating the last time the data was refreshed from the source system.
Description

This attribute records the date and time of the most recent data extraction from Zendesk Support. It provides context on the freshness of the data being analyzed, ensuring that users are aware of how current the process view is.

For ongoing monitoring and dashboarding, this information is vital. It allows analysts and business users to understand if they are looking at near real-time data or a snapshot from a previous period, which affects the validity of their conclusions.

Why it matters

Provides crucial context on data freshness, letting users know how up-to-date the analysis is.

Where to get

This is a metadata field generated and stamped on the dataset at the time of data extraction.

Examples
2023-10-27T08:00:00Z
Source System
SourceSystem
Indicates the system from which the data was extracted.
Description

This attribute specifies the origin of the service request data. For this process view, the value will consistently be 'Zendesk Support', identifying it as the system of record for all service management activities.

In environments with multiple integrated systems, this field is crucial for data lineage and troubleshooting. It ensures that analyses are correctly scoped to the intended system and helps differentiate data when merged from various sources.

Why it matters

Identifies the data's system of origin, ensuring data lineage and preventing confusion when data from multiple systems is combined.

Where to get

This is a static value ('Zendesk Support') added during data extraction and transformation.

Examples
Zendesk Support
Agent Name
AgentName
The name of the agent assigned to the service request at the time of the event.
Description

This attribute identifies the support agent responsible for handling the service request. The assigned agent can change multiple times throughout the ticket's lifecycle, and this field captures who was responsible at each step.

Agent Name is critical for performance analysis. It allows for filtering and segmenting data to assess workload distribution, resolution times per agent, and the frequency of reassignments. This helps in building the Agent & Team Performance dashboard and understanding individual contributions to the overall process efficiency.

Why it matters

This attribute is vital for analyzing agent performance, workload distribution, and the impact of reassignments on resolution times.

Where to get

Zendesk Users API, by joining the 'assignee_id' from the Tickets API response.

Examples
Jane DoeJohn SmithEmily Jones
Assigned Team
AssignedTeam
The support team or group assigned to the service request.
Description

This attribute indicates which team or group within the support organization is responsible for the service request. In Zendesk, these are known as 'Groups'. Tickets are often assigned to a group first before being picked up by an individual agent.

Analyzing by Assigned Team is essential for understanding team-level performance and workload. It helps answer questions about which teams handle which types of requests, their average resolution times, and their SLA adherence rates. This is a primary dimension for the Agent & Team Performance dashboard.

Why it matters

Enables analysis of team performance, workload balancing, and routing efficiency between different support groups.

Where to get

Zendesk Groups API, by joining the 'group_id' from the Tickets API response.

Examples
Tier 1 SupportTechnical SupportBilling
Request Channel
RequestChannel
The channel through which the service request was submitted (e.g., Email, Web Form, Phone).
Description

This attribute identifies the submission source of the service request. Zendesk captures how a ticket was created, whether through email, a web portal, an API integration, chat, or other channels. This provides context on the customer's interaction method.

The Request Channel is a powerful dimension for analysis. It supports the 'Request Channel Efficiency' dashboard by allowing comparisons of resolution times, satisfaction ratings, and rework rates across different channels. This can help businesses optimize their support channels and guide users to the most efficient ones.

Why it matters

Helps analyze the efficiency and outcomes of different customer support channels, enabling targeted improvements.

Where to get

Zendesk Tickets API, object 'via' and its 'channel' property.

Examples
webemailapichat
Request Priority
RequestPriority
The priority level assigned to the service request, such as Low, Normal, High, or Urgent.
Description

Request Priority is a classification that indicates the urgency of a service request. This level often dictates the target resolution times and SLA policies applied to the ticket. The priority can be set initially by the system or user and may be changed by an agent during the ticket's lifecycle.

This attribute is crucial for segmentation and root cause analysis. It helps in analyzing whether high-priority tickets are resolved faster than low-priority ones and is a key factor in the 'Service Request Escalation Trends' and 'SLA Adherence' dashboards.

Why it matters

Allows for segmenting requests by urgency, which is critical for analyzing SLA compliance and ensuring that critical issues are handled promptly.

Where to get

Zendesk Tickets API, field 'priority'.

Examples
LowNormalHighUrgent
Request Status
RequestStatus
The status of the service request at the time of the event (e.g., New, Open, Pending).
Description

Request Status represents the state of the ticket at a specific point in time. Zendesk has several standard statuses like New, Open, Pending, On-hold, Solved, and Closed, which mark the progress of a request through its lifecycle. Changes in this field are primary triggers for creating activities in the event log.

Analyzing the time spent in different statuses is a core part of bottleneck analysis. It helps identify where tickets are getting stuck, for example, spending too much time in a 'Pending' or 'On-hold' state. Understanding status transitions is also key to discovering rework loops.

Why it matters

Tracking the status is fundamental to understanding the request's progress and identifying how much time is spent in waiting or active states.

Where to get

Zendesk Tickets API, field 'status'.

Examples
NewOpenPendingSolvedClosed
Service Type
ServiceType
The category or type of the service request (e.g., Incident, Question, Problem, Task).
Description

Service Type categorizes the nature of the service request. Zendesk uses a 'type' field to distinguish between different kinds of support interactions. This initial classification helps in routing the ticket to the correct team and applying the appropriate processes.

This attribute is essential for filtering and comparison. It allows analysts to examine the process flows for different types of requests, which often have very different resolution paths and SLAs. It is a key dimension for the Agent & Team Performance dashboard to see who is best at handling specific request types.

Why it matters

Categorizes requests to allow for separate analysis of different processes, such as incidents versus questions, which follow unique paths.

Where to get

Zendesk Tickets API, field 'type'.

Examples
questionincidentproblemtask
Ticket Tags
TicketTags
A list of tags applied to the service request for categorization and routing.
Description

Tags are flexible labels that can be added to tickets manually by agents or automatically through business rules. They are used to add specific context or categories to a ticket that may not be covered by standard fields like Type or Priority.

Tags are an extremely versatile attribute for process mining analysis. They can be used to filter for very specific scenarios, track custom workflows, or identify root causes. For example, a 'VIP' tag could be used to analyze the process for key customers, or a 'product_bug' tag could be used to trace the lifecycle of defect reports.

Why it matters

Offers a flexible way to slice and dice the data, allowing for deep-dive analysis into specific sub-processes or ticket attributes not captured in other fields.

Where to get

Zendesk Tickets API, field 'tags'. This is an array of strings.

Examples
sales_inquirybilling_issuefeature_requestvip_customer
Agent Reassignment Count
AgentReassignmentCount
The total number of times a request was reassigned from one agent to another.
Description

This attribute is a counter that increments each time the 'assignee_id' field on a ticket changes. A high number of reassignments for a single ticket can indicate a variety of process issues, such as incorrect initial routing, lack of agent knowledge, or requests that are too complex for a single agent to handle.

This is a key metric for measuring process efficiency and directly supports the 'Agent Reassignment Rate' KPI. Analyzing cases with high reassignment counts can reveal opportunities to improve routing rules, agent training, or knowledge base resources to ensure tickets get to the right person faster.

Why it matters

Helps quantify internal handoffs and identifies process friction, as high reassignment rates often lead to delays and inefficiency.

Where to get

Calculated by counting the number of 'assignee_id' changes in the Zendesk Ticket Audits API for each ticket.

Examples
013
End Time
EndTime
The precise date and time when the activity was completed.
Description

The End Time marks the completion of an activity. For many events in Zendesk, the duration is instantaneous, so the End Time is the same as the Start Time. However, for state-based activities like 'Request Placed On-Hold', the End Time would be when the ticket is taken off hold.

This attribute is essential for calculating the duration of specific activities, which is key to bottleneck analysis. By comparing the Start Time and End Time of an activity, one can measure its processing time directly, helping to pinpoint which steps consume the most time.

Why it matters

Enables the calculation of individual activity durations, which is critical for identifying process bottlenecks and measuring step-level efficiency.

Where to get

This is often the same as the StartTime for discrete events. For status durations, it's the timestamp of the next event that changes the status.

Examples
2023-10-26T10:00:00Z2023-10-26T10:15:30Z2023-10-27T14:20:10Z
Is First Contact Resolution
IsFirstContactResolution
A flag indicating if the request was resolved by the first assigned agent without reassignments or replies from the requestor.
Description

First Contact Resolution (FCR) is a crucial metric indicating that a customer's issue was resolved in a single interaction. This calculated attribute is a boolean flag that is true if a ticket was solved by the first agent it was assigned to, without any reassignments and with only one agent reply.

This attribute directly supports the 'First Contact Resolution Rate' KPI. Analyzing the characteristics of FCR cases can provide a blueprint for process excellence. Conversely, analyzing cases that fail FCR can highlight opportunities for better agent training, improved knowledge base articles, or more effective initial triage.

Why it matters

Measures the ability to resolve issues efficiently in a single touch, which is a strong driver of both customer satisfaction and operational efficiency.

Where to get

This is a complex calculated attribute. It requires analyzing the event log for a ticket to check for agent reassignments and the number of public replies from agents.

Examples
truefalse
Is Rework
IsRework
A flag that is true if the service request was reopened after being solved.
Description

This boolean flag identifies cases that have undergone rework. A service request is typically considered rework if its status changes from 'Solved' back to an open state, indicating that the initial resolution was not sufficient and the customer had to follow up on the same issue.

This attribute is essential for calculating the 'Service Request Rework Rate' KPI and for the 'Rework and Reopening Activity Analysis' dashboard. By flagging rework cases, analysts can isolate these inefficient process flows, discover the root causes of reopenings, and work to improve first contact resolution.

Why it matters

Identifies process failures where resolution was not final, highlighting issues with quality and efficiency that directly impact customer satisfaction.

Where to get

Calculated by analyzing the sequence of statuses for a ticket in the Zendesk Ticket Audits API. A transition from 'solved' to 'open' indicates rework.

Examples
truefalse
Is SLA Breached
IsSlaBreached
A flag indicating whether the service request breached any of its SLA targets.
Description

This attribute is a boolean or categorical flag that shows the SLA outcome for a ticket. It can indicate states like 'Met', 'Breached', or 'Active'. This is determined by comparing the actual response or resolution times against the targets defined in the applied SLA policy.

This is a critical attribute for the 'SLA Adherence and Breach Analysis' dashboard. It allows for easy counting and visualization of compliant versus non-compliant tickets. Further analysis can then focus on the process characteristics of breached tickets to identify root causes, such as long waiting times or excessive reassignments.

Why it matters

Directly measures performance against service level commitments, a key indicator of service quality and customer satisfaction.

Where to get

Derived from the Zendesk Ticket Metrics API, which provides information on SLA status for each ticket.

Examples
MetBreachedActive
Requestor Name
RequestorName
The name of the end-user or customer who submitted the service request.
Description

This attribute identifies the individual who initiated the service request. Linking the request to a specific customer provides a user-centric view of the support process.

In process analysis, the requestor can be used to analyze patterns for specific customers or customer segments. For example, one might investigate if certain customers experience longer resolution times or have higher rates of rework, which could indicate issues with a product or service they are using.

Why it matters

Connects the process to the customer, enabling analysis of customer-specific issues, repeat requests, and satisfaction levels.

Where to get

Zendesk Users API, by joining the 'requester_id' from the Tickets API response.

Examples
Alice JohnsonBob WilliamsCharlie Brown
Requestor Organization
RequestorOrganization
The organization or company to which the requestor belongs.
Description

This attribute links the service request to a specific customer organization. This is particularly relevant in B2B support scenarios, where service level agreements and support contracts are often defined at the organization level.

Analyzing data by organization allows for a company-level view of support performance. It can help identify organizations that are creating a high volume of tickets, experiencing recurring issues, or have low satisfaction scores. This is valuable for account management and identifying broader customer health trends.

Why it matters

Enables B2B service analysis by grouping requests by company, which is crucial for managing customer relationships and SLAs at an organizational level.

Where to get

Zendesk Organizations API, by joining the 'organization_id' from the Tickets API response.

Examples
Acme CorporationGlobal Tech Inc.Innovate Solutions
Satisfaction Rating
SatisfactionRating
The satisfaction score provided by the requestor after the ticket was solved.
Description

This attribute captures the customer's feedback on their support experience, typically collected via a survey after a ticket is marked as solved. Common ratings include 'Good' or 'Bad', sometimes with a comment.

Satisfaction Rating is a critical outcome metric. Correlating process patterns with satisfaction scores can reveal what process behaviors lead to happy or unhappy customers. For example, analysis might show that high reassignment rates or long resolution times are strongly correlated with negative satisfaction ratings.

Why it matters

Provides a direct link between process execution and customer outcomes, helping to identify which process behaviors drive customer satisfaction.

Where to get

Zendesk Tickets API, field 'satisfaction_rating.score' or 'satisfaction_rating.reason'.

Examples
GoodBadOffered
Service Request Cycle Time
ServiceRequestCycleTime
The total duration from the creation of a service request to its final resolution.
Description

This calculated metric measures the end-to-end processing time for a service request. It is typically calculated as the time difference between the 'Service Request Resolved' activity and the 'Service Request Created' activity. This is one of the most important high-level KPIs for any support process.

This attribute directly supports the 'Average Service Request Cycle Time' KPI and the 'End-to-End Cycle Time' dashboard. Analyzing this metric across different dimensions, such as request type or priority, helps identify which factors have the biggest impact on overall efficiency.

Why it matters

This is a primary KPI for measuring overall process efficiency and customer experience, indicating how long it takes to deliver a resolution.

Where to get

Calculated as the difference between the first and last (resolution) event timestamps for a case.

Examples
259200s (3 days)86400s (1 day)3600s (1 hour)
SLA Policy Name
SlaPolicyName
The name of the Service Level Agreement (SLA) policy applied to the request.
Description

This attribute identifies the specific SLA policy that governs the target response and resolution times for the service request. A policy is typically determined by factors like the request's priority, type, or the customer's subscription level.

Knowing the applied SLA policy is essential for the 'SLA Adherence and Breach Analysis' dashboard. It provides the necessary context to evaluate performance, as different policies will have different targets. This allows for a fair and accurate assessment of whether a ticket met its specific service level objectives.

Why it matters

Provides the context for SLA analysis by identifying which set of targets a request was measured against, enabling accurate compliance reporting.

Where to get

Zendesk Ticket Metrics API. SLA data is often associated with the ticket's metrics.

Examples
Urgent - 1 Hour ResponseStandard - 24 Hour ResolutionPremium Customer SLA
Required Recommended Optional

Service Request Management Activities

These are the key process steps and milestones to capture in your event log for accurate process discovery of your service requests.
7 Recommended 6 Optional
Activity Description
Public Reply Sent
This activity marks any communication sent from an agent to the requester. This is captured as an explicit 'Comment' event in the Zendesk ticket data where the 'public' attribute is true.
Why it matters

These events are crucial for analyzing communication frequency, measuring agent response times, and identifying the number of interactions required for resolution.

Where to get

This is an explicit 'Comment' event in the ticket data. The event details include a 'public: true' attribute, distinguishing it from internal notes.

Capture

Captured from ticket 'Comment' events where the 'public' flag is set to true.

Event type explicit
Request Assigned to Agent
This activity occurs when a service request is assigned to a specific agent for the first time. It is inferred from a 'Change' event in the ticket audit log where the 'assignee_id' field is populated from null or a group ID.
Why it matters

This marks the start of active work by an agent and is critical for measuring initial response times, first assignment lag, and agent workload distribution.

Where to get

Inferred from the first 'Change' event on the 'assignee_id' field in the ticket audit log where a specific user ID is set.

Capture

Inferred from the first change event that sets the 'assignee_id' field to an agent.

Event type inferred
Service Request Closed
Represents the final, permanent closure of the service request. A ticket moves to the 'closed' state automatically after a set period of being 'solved' and can no longer be reopened.
Why it matters

This activity marks the definitive end of the service request process. It provides the final endpoint for calculating the complete case duration.

Where to get

Inferred from a 'Change' event on the 'status' field in the ticket audit log, where the new value is 'closed'.

Capture

Inferred from a 'Change' event in the audit log where status becomes 'closed'.

Event type inferred
Service Request Created
Marks the beginning of the service request lifecycle when a new ticket is submitted by a requester through any channel. This is captured as a 'Create' event in the Zendesk ticket audit log, providing a definitive start time for the process.
Why it matters

This activity serves as the primary start event for every service request, making it essential for calculating end-to-end cycle times and analyzing request intake volumes.

Where to get

This is recorded as a 'Create' event type in the Zendesk ticket audit log. The timestamp of this event is the creation time of the service request ticket.

Capture

Captured directly from the 'Create' event in the ticket audit log.

Event type explicit
Service Request Reopened
Occurs when a requester replies to a request that is in a 'solved' state, automatically changing its status back to 'open'. This signifies that the proposed resolution was not sufficient.
Why it matters

This activity is the primary indicator of rework. Analyzing its frequency helps measure resolution quality and identify causes of customer dissatisfaction.

Where to get

Inferred from a 'Change' event on the 'status' field in the ticket audit log, where the previous value was 'solved' and the new value is 'open'.

Capture

Inferred from a status change from 'solved' to 'open'.

Event type inferred
Service Request Resolved
This activity marks the point where an agent has provided a solution and changed the ticket status to 'solved'. The request is considered complete from the agent's perspective but can still be reopened by the requester.
Why it matters

This is a major milestone that signifies the end of active agent work. The time to reach this state is a primary measure of resolution efficiency.

Where to get

Inferred from a 'Change' event on the 'status' field in the ticket audit log, where the new value is 'solved'.

Capture

Inferred from a 'Change' event in the audit log where status becomes 'solved'.

Event type inferred
SLA Target Breached
This activity marks the point in time when a service request fails to meet a defined SLA target, such as first reply time or resolution time. Zendesk logs this as an explicit event when a target is missed.
Why it matters

This is a critical event for compliance monitoring and is a key input for the SLA Adherence Rate KPI. It pinpoints failures to meet service commitments.

Where to get

Captured from the 'SLABreach' event within the Zendesk ticket events or audit log. The event specifies which SLA metric was breached.

Capture

Identified through the explicit 'SLABreach' event in ticket data.

Event type explicit
Agent Reassigned
Represents the transfer of ownership of a service request from one agent to another. This is inferred from any subsequent 'Change' event on the 'assignee_id' field after the initial assignment.
Why it matters

Tracking reassignments is key to calculating the Agent Reassignment Rate KPI, which helps identify process inefficiencies, incorrect routing, or knowledge gaps.

Where to get

Inferred from 'Change' events on the 'assignee_id' field in the ticket audit log, excluding the very first assignment event for the ticket.

Capture

Inferred from the second and subsequent 'Change' events on the 'assignee_id' field.

Event type inferred
Internal Note Added
An internal note or comment has been added to the service request by an agent, visible only to other agents. This is recorded as a 'Comment' event where the 'public' attribute is false.
Why it matters

Tracking internal notes provides insight into collaboration between agents or teams, which can be a source of delay or a key to efficient problem-solving.

Where to get

This is an explicit 'Comment' event in the ticket data. The event details include a 'public: false' attribute, indicating it is an internal note.

Capture

Captured from ticket 'Comment' events where the 'public' flag is set to false.

Event type explicit
Priority Changed
Indicates that the priority level of the service request, such as 'Low', 'Normal', 'High', or 'Urgent', has been updated. This is captured as a 'Change' event on the 'priority' field in the ticket audit log.
Why it matters

Analyzing priority changes helps identify requests that increase in urgency over time and assesses whether prioritization is being managed effectively.

Where to get

Recorded as a 'Change' event on the 'priority' field within the Zendesk ticket audit log, showing the previous and new values.

Capture

Inferred from 'Change' events on the 'priority' field in the audit log.

Event type inferred
Request Escalated
Represents the formal escalation of a service request to a higher support tier, a different team, or management. This is typically inferred from a change in the ticket's assigned group or a change in a custom field designated for tracking escalations.
Why it matters

Monitoring escalations helps identify complex requests, training needs for front-line agents, and systemic issues that require higher-level intervention.

Where to get

This is not a standard event. It must be inferred from a 'Change' event on the 'group_id' field to an escalation group or from a change to a custom ticket field used for escalation tracking.

Capture

Inferred from a change of 'group_id' or a custom 'escalation' field.

Event type inferred
Request Placed On-Hold
This activity occurs when the service request's status is changed to 'on-hold', typically indicating that the agent is awaiting information from the requester or a third party. This is inferred from a status change event.
Why it matters

This helps isolate and measure waiting times that are outside of the support team's direct control, providing a more accurate view of agent handling time.

Where to get

Inferred from a 'Change' event on the 'status' field in the ticket audit log, where the new value is 'on-hold'.

Capture

Inferred from a 'Change' event in the audit log where status becomes 'on-hold'.

Event type inferred
SLA Target Applied
Represents the moment a Service Level Agreement (SLA) policy is applied to the service request ticket. This event is logged explicitly when the ticket's properties match the conditions of an active SLA policy.
Why it matters

Tracking when an SLA is applied is crucial for monitoring compliance, analyzing potential breaches, and understanding the expected service timeline for different request types.

Where to get

Captured from the 'SLAPolicyApplied' event within the Zendesk ticket events or audit log. This event specifies which policy was matched.

Capture

Identified through the explicit 'SLAPolicyApplied' event in ticket data.

Event type explicit
Recommended Optional

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