Il Suo data template per la gestione delle richieste di assistenza

This method uses the Zendesk Explore UI, where queries are built visually. The following describes the configuration for the two required reports.

**Report 1: Ticket Events Configuration**
* **Dataset**: `Support: Ticket updates`
* **Metrics**: `COUNT(Tickets)`
* **Rows**:
  * `Ticket ID`
  * `ActivityName` (This is the custom calculated attribute defined below)
  * `Update - Timestamp`
  * `Updater name`
  * `Assignee name`
  * `Group name`
  * `Ticket priority`
  * `Ticket status`
  * `Submission channel`
  * `Ticket type`
  * `Ticket tags`
* **Standard Calculated Attribute (`ActivityName`) Formula**:
```
IF [Update - Field name] = "assignee_id" AND ([Update - Previous value] = "" OR [Update - Previous value] = NULL) THEN
    "Request Assigned to Agent"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "assignee_id" AND [Update - Previous value] != "" AND [Update - Previous value] != NULL THEN
    "Agent Reassigned"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "group_id" THEN
    "Request Escalated"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "priority" AND [Update - New value] != [Update - Previous value] THEN
    "Priority Changed"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "status" AND [Update - New value] = "hold" THEN
    "Request Placed On-Hold"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "status" AND [Update - New value] = "solved" THEN
    "Service Request Resolved"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "status" AND [Update - New value] = "closed" THEN
    "Service Request Closed"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "status" AND [Update - New value] = "open" AND [Update - Previous value] = "solved" THEN
    "Service Request Reopened"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "requester_id" AND [Update - Previous value] = NULL THEN
    "Service Request Created"
ELSE
    NULL
ENDIF
```
* **Note on Comment Activities**: Capturing `Public Reply Sent` and `Internal Note Added` from the `Ticket updates` dataset is not reliably possible as the public vs. internal distinction is often missing. For these events, creating a third report on the `Support: Comments` dataset and merging it is the recommended, though more complex, approach.

**Report 2: SLA Events Configuration**
* **Dataset**: `Support: SLAs`
* **Metrics**: `COUNT(SLA tickets)`
* **Rows**:
  * `Ticket ID`
  * `SLA updated - Timestamp`
  * `SLA status`
  * `Updater name`
  * `Assignee name`
  * `Group name`
  * `Ticket priority`
* **Note**: The `ActivityName` for this report (`SLA Target Applied`, `SLA Target Breached`) must be generated after export based on the value in the `SLA status` column.

import requests
import pandas as pd
import time
from datetime import datetime, timezone
import os

class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># --- Configuration ---
class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Replace with your Zendesk subdomain, admin email, and API token
ZENDESK_SUBDOMAIN = class="hl-string">'[Your Subdomain]'
ZENDESK_EMAIL = class="hl-string">'[Your Zendesk Admin Email]'
ZENDESK_API_TOKEN = class="hl-string">'[Your Zendesk API Token]'

class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Set the start date for the data extraction (YYYY-MM-DD)
START_TIME_STR = class="hl-string">'2023-01-01'

class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># --- End of Configuration ---

class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Set up constants and session
BASE_URL = fclass="hl-string">'https://{ZENDESK_SUBDOMAIN}.zendesk.com/api/v2'
AUTH = (fclass="hl-string">'{ZENDESK_EMAIL}/token', ZENDESK_API_TOKEN)
SOURCE_SYSTEM = class="hl-string">'Zendesk Support'
LAST_DATA_UPDATE = datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()

session = requests.Session()
session.auth = AUTH

class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Caches for user and group names to reduce API calls
user_cache = {}
group_cache = {}

def get_user_name(user_id):
    if not user_id:
        return None
    if user_id in user_cache:
        return user_cache[user_id]
    try:
        response = session.get(fclass="hl-string">'{BASE_URL}/users/{user_id}.json')
        response.raise_for_status()
        user_cache[user_id] = response.json()[class="hl-string">'user'][class="hl-string">'name']
        return user_cache[user_id]
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException:
        return fclass="hl-string">'User ID {user_id}'

def get_group_name(group_id):
    if not group_id:
        return None
    if group_id in group_cache:
        return group_cache[group_id]
    try:
        response = session.get(fclass="hl-string">'{BASE_URL}/groups/{group_id}.json')
        response.raise_for_status()
        group_cache[group_id] = response.json()[class="hl-string">'group'][class="hl-string">'name']
        return group_cache[group_id]
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException:
        return fclass="hl-string">'Group ID {group_id}'

def handle_rate_limit(response):
    if response.status_code == 429:
        retry_after = int(response.headers.get(class="hl-string">'Retry-After', 60))
        print(fclass="hl-string">'Rate limit reached. Waiting for {retry_after} seconds...')
        time.sleep(retry_after)
        return True
    response.raise_for_status()
    return False

def fetch_paginated_data(url):
    while url:
        try:
            response = session.get(url)
            if handle_rate_limit(response):
                continue
            data = response.json()
            yield data
            url = data.get(class="hl-string">'next_page')
        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
            print(fclass="hl-string">'Error fetching data from {url}: {e}')
            break

def process_ticket(ticket, event_log):
    ticket_id = ticket[class="hl-string">'id']
    print(fclass="hl-string">'Processing Ticket ID: {ticket_id}')

    class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># --- 1. Fetch Ticket Audits ---
    audits_url = fclass="hl-string">'{BASE_URL}/tickets/{ticket_id}/audits.json'
    all_events = [] class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># A temporary list to hold all events for sorting

    for audit_page in fetch_paginated_data(audits_url):
        for audit in audit_page.get(class="hl-string">'audits', []):
            author_id = audit.get(class="hl-string">'author_id')
            timestamp = audit[class="hl-string">'created_at']

            class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Store ticket state at the time of the audit
            ticket_state = {}
            for event in audit.get(class="hl-string">'events', []):
                if event.get(class="hl-string">'field_name') in [class="hl-string">'assignee_id', class="hl-string">'group_id', class="hl-string">'priority', class="hl-string">'status', class="hl-string">'channel', class="hl-string">'type', class="hl-string">'tags']:
                    ticket_state[event[class="hl-string">'field_name']] = event.get(class="hl-string">'value')

            for event in audit.get(class="hl-string">'events', []):
                event[class="hl-string">'timestamp'] = timestamp
                event[class="hl-string">'author_id'] = author_id
                event[class="hl-string">'ticket_state'] = ticket_state
                all_events.append(event)

    class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># --- 2. Fetch Comments (which are not fully detailed in audits) ---
    comments_url = fclass="hl-string">'{BASE_URL}/tickets/{ticket_id}/comments.json'
    for comment_page in fetch_paginated_data(comments_url):
        for comment in comment_page.get(class="hl-string">'comments', []):
            comment[class="hl-string">'type'] = class="hl-string">'Comment'
            comment[class="hl-string">'timestamp'] = comment[class="hl-string">'created_at']
            class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Add ticket_state placeholder, though it's less relevant for comments
            comment[class="hl-string">'ticket_state'] = {}
            all_events.append(comment)

    class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># --- 3. Fetch SLA Metrics ---
    metrics_url = fclass="hl-string">'{BASE_URL}/tickets/{ticket_id}/metrics.json'
    try:
        response = session.get(metrics_url)
        if not handle_rate_limit(response):
            metrics_data = response.json().get(class="hl-string">'ticket_metric', {})
            if metrics_data.get(class="hl-string">'sla_policy'):
                for sla in metrics_data[class="hl-string">'sla_policy'][class="hl-string">'policy_metrics']:
                    all_events.append({
                        class="hl-string">'type': class="hl-string">'SlaApply',
                        class="hl-string">'timestamp': metrics_data[class="hl-string">'created_at'],
                        class="hl-string">'policy_name': sla[class="hl-string">'policy'][class="hl-string">'title'],
                        class="hl-string">'ticket_state': {}
                    })
                    if sla.get(class="hl-string">'breach_at') and datetime.fromisoformat(sla[class="hl-string">'breach_at'].replace(class="hl-string">'Z', class="hl-string">'+00:00')) < datetime.now(timezone.utc):
                        all_events.append({
                            class="hl-string">'type': class="hl-string">'SlaBreach',
                            class="hl-string">'timestamp': sla[class="hl-string">'breach_at'],
                            class="hl-string">'policy_name': sla[class="hl-string">'policy'][class="hl-string">'title'],
                            class="hl-string">'metric': sla[class="hl-string">'metric'],
                            class="hl-string">'ticket_state': {}
                        })
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        print(fclass="hl-string">'Could not fetch SLA metrics for ticket {ticket_id}: {e}')


    class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># --- 4. Sort all collected events by timestamp ---
    all_events.sort(key=lambda x: x[class="hl-string">'timestamp'])

    class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># --- 5. Process sorted events to create event log rows ---
    last_assignee = None

    for event in all_events:
        activity_name = None
        timestamp = event[class="hl-string">'timestamp']

        event_type = event.get(class="hl-string">'type')
        field_name = event.get(class="hl-string">'field_name')

        if event_type == class="hl-string">'Create':
            activity_name = class="hl-string">'Service Request Created'
            last_assignee = event.get(class="hl-string">'value') if field_name == class="hl-string">'assignee_id' else None

        elif event_type == class="hl-string">'Change':
            prev_value = event.get(class="hl-string">'previous_value')
            new_value = event.get(class="hl-string">'value')

            if field_name == class="hl-string">'status':
                if new_value == class="hl-string">'solved': activity_name = class="hl-string">'Service Request Resolved'
                elif new_value == class="hl-string">'closed': activity_name = class="hl-string">'Service Request Closed'
                elif new_value == class="hl-string">'hold': activity_name = class="hl-string">'Request Placed On-Hold'
                elif new_value == class="hl-string">'open' and prev_value == class="hl-string">'solved': activity_name = class="hl-string">'Service Request Reopened'
            elif field_name == class="hl-string">'priority': activity_name = class="hl-string">'Priority Changed'
            elif field_name == class="hl-string">'assignee_id':
                if prev_value is None and new_value is not None:
                    activity_name = class="hl-string">'Request Assigned to Agent'
                elif prev_value is not None and new_value is not None:
                    activity_name = class="hl-string">'Agent Reassigned'
                last_assignee = new_value
            elif field_name == class="hl-string">'group_id':
                if prev_value is not None and new_value is not None:
                    activity_name = class="hl-string">'Request Escalated'

        elif event_type == class="hl-string">'Comment':
            if event.get(class="hl-string">'public', False):
                activity_name = class="hl-string">'Public Reply Sent'
            else:
                activity_name = class="hl-string">'Internal Note Added'

        elif event_type == class="hl-string">'SlaApply':
            activity_name = class="hl-string">'SLA Target Applied'
        elif event_type == class="hl-string">'SlaBreach':
            activity_name = class="hl-string">'SLA Target Breached'

        if activity_name:
            class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Get attribute values from the ticket object itself as a baseline
            agent_id = ticket.get(class="hl-string">'assignee_id')
            group_id = ticket.get(class="hl-string">'group_id')
            priority = ticket.get(class="hl-string">'priority')
            status = ticket.get(class="hl-string">'status')
            
            class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Override with values at the time of the event if available
            state = event.get(class="hl-string">'ticket_state', {})
            agent_id = state.get(class="hl-string">'assignee_id', agent_id)
            group_id = state.get(class="hl-string">'group_id', group_id)
            priority = state.get(class="hl-string">'priority', priority)
            status = state.get(class="hl-string">'status', status)
            
            event_log.append({
                class="hl-string">'ServiceRequestId': ticket_id,
                class="hl-string">'ActivityName': activity_name,
                class="hl-string">'EventTimestamp': timestamp,
                class="hl-string">'SourceSystem': SOURCE_SYSTEM,
                class="hl-string">'LastDataUpdate': LAST_DATA_UPDATE,
                class="hl-string">'AgentName': get_user_name(agent_id),
                class="hl-string">'AssignedTeam': get_group_name(group_id),
                class="hl-string">'RequestPriority': priority,
                class="hl-string">'RequestStatus': status,
                class="hl-string">'RequestChannel': ticket.get(class="hl-string">'via', {}).get(class="hl-string">'channel'),
                class="hl-string">'ServiceType': ticket.get(class="hl-string">'type'),
                class="hl-string">'TicketTags': class="hl-string">', '.join(ticket.get(class="hl-string">'tags', [])),
            })


def main():
    print(class="hl-string">'Starting Zendesk data extraction...')
    event_log = []
    start_unix_time = int(datetime.strptime(START_TIME_STR, class="hl-string">'%Y-%m-%d').timestamp())
    
    class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Use the incremental export endpoint for efficiency
    url = fclass="hl-string">'{BASE_URL}/incremental/tickets/cursor.json?start_time={start_unix_time}'

    while url:
        try:
            response = session.get(url)
            if handle_rate_limit(response):
                continue
            data = response.json()
            tickets = data.get(class="hl-string">'tickets', [])
            print(fclass="hl-string">'Fetched {len(tickets)} tickets...')
            for ticket in tickets:
                process_ticket(ticket, event_log)
            
            if not data.get(class="hl-string">'after_cursor'):
                break
            url = data[class="hl-string">'next_page']

        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
            print(fclass="hl-string">'A critical error occurred: {e}')
            break

    print(fclass="hl-string">'Extraction complete. Total events found: {len(event_log)}')
    
    if not event_log:
        print(class="hl-string">'No events were extracted. Please check your configuration and date range.')
        return

    df = pd.DataFrame(event_log)

    class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Reorder columns to match requirements
    columns = [
        class="hl-string">'ServiceRequestId', class="hl-string">'ActivityName', class="hl-string">'EventTimestamp', class="hl-string">'SourceSystem', class="hl-string">'LastDataUpdate',
        class="hl-string">'AgentName', class="hl-string">'AssignedTeam', class="hl-string">'RequestPriority', class="hl-string">'RequestStatus',
        class="hl-string">'RequestChannel', class="hl-string">'ServiceType', class="hl-string">'TicketTags'
    ]
    df = df[columns]
    df = df.sort_values(by=[class="hl-string">'ServiceRequestId', class="hl-string">'EventTimestamp']).reset_index(drop=True)

    class=class="hl-string">"hl-comment"># Save to CSV
    output_filename = class="hl-string">'zendesk_event_log.csv'
    df.to_csv(output_filename, index=False, date_format=class="hl-string">'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
    print(fclass="hl-string">'Event log saved to {output_filename}')

if __name__ == class="hl-string">'__main__':
    main()

This method uses the Zendesk Explore UI, where queries are built visually. The following describes the configuration for the two required reports.

**Report 1: Ticket Events Configuration**
* **Dataset**: `Support: Ticket updates`
* **Metrics**: `COUNT(Tickets)`
* **Rows**:
  * `Ticket ID`
  * `ActivityName` (This is the custom calculated attribute defined below)
  * `Update - Timestamp`
  * `Updater name`
  * `Assignee name`
  * `Group name`
  * `Ticket priority`
  * `Ticket status`
  * `Submission channel`
  * `Ticket type`
  * `Ticket tags`
* **Standard Calculated Attribute (`ActivityName`) Formula**:
```
IF [Update - Field name] = "assignee_id" AND ([Update - Previous value] = "" OR [Update - Previous value] = NULL) THEN
    "Request Assigned to Agent"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "assignee_id" AND [Update - Previous value] != "" AND [Update - Previous value] != NULL THEN
    "Agent Reassigned"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "group_id" THEN
    "Request Escalated"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "priority" AND [Update - New value] != [Update - Previous value] THEN
    "Priority Changed"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "status" AND [Update - New value] = "hold" THEN
    "Request Placed On-Hold"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "status" AND [Update - New value] = "solved" THEN
    "Service Request Resolved"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "status" AND [Update - New value] = "closed" THEN
    "Service Request Closed"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "status" AND [Update - New value] = "open" AND [Update - Previous value] = "solved" THEN
    "Service Request Reopened"
ELIF [Update - Field name] = "requester_id" AND [Update - Previous value] = NULL THEN
    "Service Request Created"
ELSE
    NULL
ENDIF
```
* **Note on Comment Activities**: Capturing `Public Reply Sent` and `Internal Note Added` from the `Ticket updates` dataset is not reliably possible as the public vs. internal distinction is often missing. For these events, creating a third report on the `Support: Comments` dataset and merging it is the recommended, though more complex, approach.

**Report 2: SLA Events Configuration**
* **Dataset**: `Support: SLAs`
* **Metrics**: `COUNT(SLA tickets)`
* **Rows**:
  * `Ticket ID`
  * `SLA updated - Timestamp`
  * `SLA status`
  * `Updater name`
  * `Assignee name`
  * `Group name`
  * `Ticket priority`
* **Note**: The `ActivityName` for this report (`SLA Target Applied`, `SLA Target Breached`) must be generated after export based on the value in the `SLA status` column.